A defined commensal consortium elicits CD8 T cells and anti-cancer immunity.

Takeshi Tanoue
Satoru Morita
Damian R Plichta
Ashwin N Skelly
Wataru Suda
Yuki Sugiura
Seiko Narushima
Hera Vlamakis
Iori Motoo
Kayoko Sugita
Atsushi Shiota
Kozue Takeshita
Keiko Yasuma-Mitobe
Dieter Riethmacher
Tsuneyasu Kaisho
Jason M Norman
Daniel Mucida
Makoto Suematsu
Tomonori Yaguchi
Vanni Bucci
Takashi Inoue
Yutaka Kawakami
Bernat Olle
Bruce Roberts
Masahira Hattori
Ramnik J Xavier
Koji Atarashi
Kenya Honda

There is a growing appreciation for the importance of the gut microbiota as a therapeutic target in various diseases. However, there are only a handful of known commensal strains that can potentially be used to manipulate host physiological functions. Here we isolate a consortium of 11 bacterial strains from healthy human donor faeces that is capable of robustly inducing interferon-γ-producing CD8 T cells in the intestine. These 11 strains act together to mediate the induction without causing inflammation in a manner that is dependent on CD103+ dendritic cells and major histocompatibility (MHC) class Ia molecules. Colonization of mice with the 11-strain mixture enhances both host resistance against Listeria monocytogenes infection and the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in syngeneic tumour models. The 11 strains primarily represent rare, low-abundance components of the human microbiome, and thus have great potential as broadly effective biotherapeutics.

Nature

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7741

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10.1038/s41586-019-0878-z

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-0878-z
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30675064