Academic Thesis

Basic information

Name Kojima Isshu
Belonging department
Occupation name
researchmap researcher code R000055330
researchmap agency Okayama University of Science

Title

Phylogenetic Characterization of Novel Reassortant 2.3.4.4b H5N8 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from Domestic Ducks in Egypt During the Winter Season 2021-2022.

Bibliography Type

Joint Author

Author

Saad N, Esaki M, Kojima I, Khalil AM, Osuga S, Shahein MA, Okuya K, Ozawa M, Alhatlani BY.

Summary

Avian influenza (AI) is an extremely contagious viral disease of domestic and wild birds that can spread rapidly among bird populations, inducing serious economic losses in the poultry industry. During the winter season 2021-2022, we isolated seventeen highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 viruses from outbreaks involving ducks in Egypt, occurring in both backyard and farm settings. The aim of this study was to pinpoint genetic key substitutions (KSs) that could heighten the risk of a human pandemic by influencing the virus's virulence, replication ability, host specificity, susceptibility to drugs, or transmissibility. To understand their evolution, origin, and potential risks for a human pandemic, whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were conducted. Our analysis identified numerous distinctive mutations in the Egyptian H5N8 viruses, suggesting potential enhancements in virulence, resistance to antiviral drugs, and facilitation of transmission in mammals. In this study, at least five genotypes within one genome constellation of H5N8 viruses were identified, raising concerns about the potential emergence of novel viruses with altered characteristics through reassortment between different genotypes and distinct groups. These findings underscore the role of ducks in the virus's evolutionary process and emphasize the urgent need for enhanced biosecurity measures in domestic duck farms to mitigate pandemic risk.

Magazine(name)

Viruses

Publisher

Volume

23

Number Of Pages

16

StartingPage

11

EndingPage

Date of Issue

2024/10

Referee

Exist

Invited

Not exist

Language

English

Thesis Type

Research papers (academic journals)

ISSN

DOI

10.3390/v16111655.

NAID

PMID

39599770

URL

J-GLOBAL ID

arXiv ID

ORCID Put Code

DBLP ID